A lipid profile test, also known as a cholesterol test or lipid panel, is a blood test that measures the levels of different fats (lipids) in your blood, including cholesterol and triglycerides. It helps assess your risk for heart disease and other cardiovascular problems. 

Why is it done?

• Monitor cholesterol levels:

  If you have high cholesterol or are already being treated for it, a lipid profile test can help monitor your response to treatment. 

• Help diagnose other medical conditions:

  Abnormal lipid levels can sometimes be a sign of other health conditions, such as diabetes or kidney disease. 

• Assess risk for heart disease:

  High levels of certain lipids, like LDL cholesterol and triglycerides, can increase your risk of developing heart disease, stroke, and other cardiovascular problems. 

What's measured in a lipid profile test? 

• Total cholesterol: The overall amount of cholesterol in your blood. 

• LDL cholesterol: "Bad" cholesterol, which can build up in the arteries. 

• HDL cholesterol: "Good" cholesterol, which helps remove LDL cholesterol from the arteries. 

• Triglycerides: A type of fat that is also measured in the blood. 

How is the test performed?

• A blood sample is drawn, usually from a vein in your arm. 

• You may need to fast for a certain period before the test, as instructed by your doctor. 

• The sample is sent to a lab for analysis. 

What do the results mean?

• Normal levels:

  For adults, total cholesterol should ideally be below 200 mg/dL, LDL cholesterol below 100 mg/dL, HDL cholesterol above 60 mg/dL, and triglycerides below 150 mg/dL. 

• Abnormal levels:

  If your lipid levels are high, your doctor may recommend lifestyle changes, such as dietary changes and exercise, or medication to help lower your cholesterol. 

• Low lipid levels:

  While generally considered healthy, very low levels of certain lipids can sometimes be a sign of underlying medical conditions.